So in 6th* grade, we've been chipping away at John Hersey's Hiroshima all term (no small feat, considering both the subject matter and vocabulary of this daunting and misleadingly-short text)...
Its first four chapters deal with the immediate aftermath of the atomic bomb dropped in Hiroshima on 6 August, 1945. It closely follows the lives of six
hibakusha, or bomb-affected people. The last chapter was written nearly 4
decades later, when the author went back to check in on his subjects. Crazy.
This book is high school-level for sure, so to accommodate my middle schoolers, I split the class into teams and each team did literature circle studying of one character. The focus this term was not only on telling each of the six people's stories, but also on improving the students' writing through the Six Traits of writing. We also studied AMAZING vocabulary words, like: immolate, laceration, rendezvous, atavistic, and convivial. Not bad for 12-year-olds, eh? ;)
Aaaaaanyway, the main reason I chose this grade-inappropriate book was to establish some different emotions toward the Japanese. (Turns out Japan had a pretty oppressive occupation of Korea for several decades, and many Koreans are still sore about anything Japanese to this day.) I think it worked; the kids were generally horrified at the after-effects of the bomb, not to mention that the people bombed were innocent by international law standards. The final writing assignment the students have this term is to argue the morality of using nuclear weapons (past, present, and future). This is a topic I only debated in college, so it's pretty cool to be discussing this with 6th graders.
Today in class, the students had to write a 100-word free-write of anything they learned or thought about Hiroshima this term. Our Six Traits focus was Sentence Fluency, which I struggle with as a writer myself. Frankly, it's the hardest trait to teach (for me), so we used the following checklist:
After last week's lesson on Voice, I realized the merit of focusing on one trait each week. It's worked really well so far, and I was proud to see my students improving their writing, piece by piece.
To further inspire the students, we read a few pages aloud that talk about a TV program called "This is Your Life," which was written about in the book. Reverend Kiyoshi Tanimoto, a minister in Hiroshima at the time of the bombing, helped a campaign for 25 young women later dubbed the "Hiroshima Maidens." They were flown to the U.S. (free-of-charge) for plastic surgery (also paid for by donors). On the show, Mr. Tanimoto and two of the Hiroshima Maidens were interviewed. To Mr. Tanimoto's surprise, the
Enola Gay's copilot, Captain Robert A. Lewis, was also on the show and the two met face-to-face for the first time ever. It was intense, and even my pre-teenage students appreciated the gravity of the situation. Here, taken from screenshots from
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The opening of the show, "This is Your Life," aired on May 11, 1955
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| Host Ralph Edwards (left) introduces a stunned Reverend Tanimoto (right). |
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| The co-pilot was shown in silhouette before he came face-to-face with Mr. Tanimoto. |
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A hibakusha (left) meets the man who bombed his city (right).
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| The kids were good with this shocking moment... The book said that Captain Lewis (right) skipped out on this show's rehearsal and headed to a local bar. They had to race him to the studio and pour coffee down his throat so he was presentable at the time of airing (according to the book Hiroshima). He then recapped the famous phrase he had written in the Enola Gay's captain's log: "My God, what have we done?" (This was the sentiment immediately after the bomb had been dropped.) |
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| I think the body language says it all. |
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| This specific scene (Captain Lewis rubbing his forehead with his hand) was mentioned in the book. According to John Hersey, 40 million American viewers had thought Lewis was crying, when, in fact, it was more likely that he was feeling the effects of the alcohol he had recently consumed. |
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| Here, one of the Hiroshima Maidens gives her story (in excellent English!) in 2007. |
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| In one more shock to poor Mr. Tanimoto, his entire family (wife and four children) was brought on the show, dressed formally in kimonos/traditional attire. The students had just read this part in the book, too, and were guessing which child was which (since the names were given in the book). Cool moment. |
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| Here, the Hiroshima Maidens board the plane back to Japan, after facing 1.5 years of plastic surgery in the United States. |
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| This is the same Maiden pictured above (in color in 2007), leaving for Japan after many surgeries. |
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After watching this and brainstorming a bit, the students then engaged in a 100-word free-write about Hiroshima. I need to showcase some of the work I got today, since (by and large) they're pretty great... (These are all completely unedited!) :)
Student 1:
Hiroshima
I’m a 32-year-old woman whose husband is dead of that nasty bomb.
I do not say badly of anyone, but I need to say this: that sucking Hiroshima,
damn it! Sorry ‘bout that, I’m feeling too oppressed these days; my husband is
dead because of the deadly bomb in Hiroshima. My husband is a lawyer, and it
was his first time to go to Hiroshima, on the morning of August 6th, 1945. He was going there for an important meeting. When I went
to Hiroshima after listening about the bomb, I was totally shocked. The city
was totally devastated, and I couldn’t find my husband anywhere. Because of the
bomb, I lost my family. I’ll probably curse the Americans forever. I like
Americans, but I will not be able to forgive them for this one. I will not be
able to live properly anymore. I’ m too miserable to do so. Today I saw a TV
show, ‘Today is your life’, and saw a man, and a ton of others who survived the
bomb, and I do not like it. Why do they get to live, but not my husband, why?
This is too unfair, just too unfair, and I can’t do anything about it.
Student 2:
Hiroshima
In the video that
Ms Anderson showed us it didn’t finish like I predicted. I predicted that Rev.
Tanimoto would have fought with the co-pilot. He must have been fuming inside
to fight with him. If I was one of the survivors of Hiroshima and got a chance
to go on that TV show I would wreck the whole place over and have a little chat
with the co-pilot. Rev. Tanimoto was so calm than I thought.
It was a very good idea to cancel all
the commercials. It would have been so awkward if the show suddenly stopped and
happy, cheerful commercials played. It would totally wreck the moment.
Student 3:
I
think nuclear weapons shouldn’t have been used on Japan in World War II.
Although it may be true that the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki caused the
end of World War II, it came with a truly gruesome consequence. Astonishing
amounts of destruction, heat, and radiation, more than ever imagined at the
time, killed an immense number of innocent citizens immediately, and destroyed
most buildings beyond repair. That’s only the beginning of it. Most of the
wounded died because doctors either couldn’t get to them fast enough or they
didn’t have enough equipment. Also, radiation was a new sickness at the time,
so many survivors who appeared to be physically fine began to show radiation
sickness symptoms, which doctors didn’t exactly know how to cure. Overall, my
opinion is that America shouldn’t have bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and
shouldn’t ever use more nuclear weapons in the future. Nor any country, in that
matter. I totally disagree with the creation of nuclear weapons. Now any
country rich enough could get the technology for nuclear weaponry, and have a
war. There would be no winner if a full-fledged nuclear war broke out between
the world. Earth wouldn’t be the planet we depend on today. It would be a
nasty, radiation-filled, inhospitable sphere of remnants of humans, as
polluted as a smoke-filled room. Nobody would be able to survive, and there
would be no future life. Anyway, the message I’m trying to get through is that
now we know how destructive nuclear weapons are, we should never use it in the
future, and that we shouldn’t have used it in the past.
(Fin.)
So there you have it: a day in the life of my 6th grade English class. (And, as an aside, most students above wrote well over the 100-word minimum! Look at that sentence fluency!) :)
*Shout-out to my little sis, who, for some reason loathes the number 6. This entry is chock-full of sixes, so my apologies. ;)